Manuscripts should also be written in a style that is understandable to our broad audience that includes students, researchers, specialists, and policymakers working on forest resource management.
Style and format
The accepted manuscript is prepared for publication using Tex. Therefore, authors are encouraged to prepare manuscripts using Tex or Microsoft Word. If Microsoft Word is your preference, use the guideline described here to avoid burdensome changes upon acceptance. When submitting figure files for publication, please ensure that the original software files and other figure files are saved in EPS FORMAT, at a high quality. Further details of these instructions are sent to authors upon notification of acceptance.
- Font type and size: 10.5 point, Times New Roman or similar. Do NOT use unusual fonts or styles in your manuscript.
- Spacing: 1.5 line-spaced.
- Page Layout: Use 2.5cm or 1-inch margins on all sides with page numbers in the bottom center and no header/footer. Line numbering is recommended.
Do not add headers or footers to pages (other than the page number).
The manuscript should be no more than 20 A4 pages (1.5 line-spaced).
English standards
Manuscripts should be written in clear, grammatically correct English. If necessary, authors should have their manuscript checked by a proficient English speaker or by an editing service prior to submission. If a manuscript is not clear due to poor English, it may be rejected without undergoing peer review.
Format
The first page of each manuscript should contain: Title, Authors’ full names, Affiliations, Key words, Running Title, and the name and full address (including telephone number, facsimile number, and e-mail address) of the corresponding author.
Readability
The submitted manuscripts are judged not only on the depth and scope of the ideas presented and their contributions to literature, but also on whether they can be read and understood by the average reader of FORMATH. The following guidelines may help authors with the preparation of manuscript.
- Write in an interesting, readable manner with varied sentence structure, and use active voice. Use as little passive voice as possible.
- Avoid using technical jargons that will make it difficult for the average reader to understand the manuscript. If you choose to use these jargons, please provide definitions.
- Keep sentences short so the reader does not get lost before the end of a sentence.
- Limit the number of footnotes to a minimum. Preferably, the sentence should be structured to avoid the need for a footnote.
Abbreviations
Each abbreviation should be defined in parentheses together with its non-abbreviated term when it first appears in the text (except in the Title and Abstract). Common abbreviations in forestry mathematics can be used without any explanation.
Units
SI or SI-derived units should be used. More information on SI units is available at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) website.
Headings
Headings are numbered and are formatted according to level:
- Primary Heading: Flush left, title-style capitalization (first letter of each word), with an extra line space before and after.
- Secondary heading: Flush left with only capitalization of first letter of first word. You must have at least two sections beginning with a secondary heading. If there is only one, the heading should be excluded. No extra line space is needed.
- Further heading levels are not recommended.
Footnotes
Footnotes can be used to give additional information, which may include the citation of a reference included in the reference list. Footnotes are to be used sparingly and must be concise at the minimum. Format footnotes in plain text, with a superscript asterisk-number (*1) appearing in text and the corresponding note after the reference section. Footnotes to the text are numbered consecutively in plain text, with a superscript asterisk-number (*1) appearing in text. Those to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data).
Mathematical Notations
Equations should be centered in the line, and be numbered with square blanket, (e.g. [1]) flush with the left margin. It is recommended to use Equation Editor or MathType for mathematical equations in MS Word. Cite the equation by “Eq.[1]” in the document. Please do not forget to put enough explanation for variables and parameters in equation. notation is:
max z=∑n ci⋅xi i=1
where ci is the i-th parameter and xi is the i-th variable.
Document organization
The main document should contain the following sections in the order presented below.
Title page and title
1) Title Page: Please include the following information.
• Title
• Author(s) names, title, institution, address, and e-mail address, with identification of the corresponding author using asterisk, *. Please note that if the manuscript has coauthors, authors' contributions should be carefully judged. Criteria for authorship can be found in our editorial policies.
• Declaration of conflict of interests: If you do not have any conflict of interests, please state "The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests". Otherwise, please state it here.
The title should clearly describe the content of the article in less than or equal to ≤25 words. The title is important for search purposes by third-party services. Do not use abbreviations in the title, except those used generally in related fields.
Keywords
Include 4-5 keywords that are not in the manuscript title, but are related to the relevant topics.
Abstract
Abstract: The abstract is limited to 250 words and summarizes the key components of the manuscript, offering the reader the main findings of the work. Minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references in the abstract.
Introduction
This section should explain the background to the study, its aims, summary of the existing literature and why this study was necessary, or its contribution to literature.
Methods
This section should explain how the study was performed and statistical tests used, for instance. The methods section can include the design and setting of the study, description of materials used, and the type of statistical analysis used.
Results
This section should explain the main findings. Tables and figures, including photographs, can be used to present the experimental results (see below). Excessive explanations of the data presented in tables and figures should be avoided.
Discussion
This section should discuss the implications of the findings in context of existing research and highlight limitations of the study.
Conclusions
This section should provide brief summary and potential implications. This may state clearly the main conclusions and provide an explanation of the importance and relevance of the study reported.
Acknowledgments
All sources of funding for the research reported should be declared. Please acknowledge anyone who contributed towards the article who does not meet the criteria for authorship including anyone who provided professional writing services or materials. Authors should obtain permission to acknowledge from all those mentioned in the Acknowledgements section. See our editorial policies for a full explanation of acknowledgements and authorship criteria.
This section should be brief and acknowledge those that have assisted in the work or preparation of the manuscript, but who do not qualify for authorship, as defined in the Authorship section. Authors should list all funding sources for their work in the Acknowledgements section.
Funding
Authors should list all funding sources for their work in the Funding section. Where possible and for each grant, the receiving institution, the funding agency, the grant number, and the location (city and country) of the funding agency should be included.
Conflict of Interest Statement
Authors are required to declare any competing financial or other conflicts of interest in relation to the work described. Please see the Conflict of Interest section in the Journal Policies below for detailed information. If there are no declared interests, include a statement under the section heading “The authors declare no competing interests.”
Data Availability Statement
All manuscripts must indicate an “Availability of data and materials” statement. Following Hrynaszkiewicz et al. (2020, http://doi.org/10.5334/dsj-2020-017), data availability statements should include information on where data supporting the results can be found, including hyperlinks to publicly archived datasets analyzed or generated during the study. Authors are allowed to upload data files as supplement to the system for publication. Examples of the statement are following:
- The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the [name] repository, [web link to datasets]
- The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
- All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].
- The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due [reason why data are not public], but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
- The data that support the findings of this study are available from [third party name] but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Data are however available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission from [third party name].
Author Contribution Statement
Authors are required to include a statement that specifies the contribution of each author that follows the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) taxonomy. One or more of the 14 CRediT taxonomy categories should be ascribed to each author. Authors should examine the CRediT website and include the appropriate roles for each author. An example would be (use the initials of author names in your manuscript):
Conceptualization: Author 1.
Funding acquisition: Author 1.
Investigation: Author 1, Author 2.
Methodology: Author 1, Author 2.
Project administration: Author 2.
Supervision: Author 1.
Writing – original draft: Author 1, Author 2, Author 3.
Writing – review & editing: Author 1, Author 2.
References
Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.
References are listed in alphabetical order by the first author’s last name. Only references cited within the text are included. The author is fully responsible for any citation in the manuscript. All cited papers should be identified in the reference section.
- Citation in the manuscript should be in the form of [name year], e.g. in the parenthesis (Matsumura 1990), (Matsumura 1990; Matsumura and Yoshimoto 1991; Matsumura et al. 1993), and in the direct citation Matsumura (1990), Matsumura and Yoshimoto (1991), Matsumura et al. (1992). Citation in the reference section should follow the alphabetical order with the following format. Note that a capital letter should be used for the first character of the first word of the title of scientific papers, the first character of words in the title of books and proceedings. Italic font is also used as specified below.
- Use abbreviation for citation from Scientific Journal: Please use ISI Journal Title Abbreviation (https://www.library.caltech.edu/journal-title-abbreviations/).
- If available, DOI should to be added.
Article within a journal:
[Name] [Year] [Title], [Abbreviated Name of Journal: Italic] [Vol #: pages][DOI].
Yoshimoto, A. and Shoji, I. (1998) Searching for an optimal rotation age for forest stand management under stochastic log prices, Eur J Oper Res 105: 100-112, doi:10.1016/S0377-2217(97)00040-4.
Article within a journal by DOI only
[Name] [Year] [Title], [Abbreviated Name of Journal: Italic] [Vol #][DOI].
Surovy, P., Yoshimoto, A., and Panagiotidis, D. (2016) Accuracy of Reconstruction of the Tree Stem Surface Using Terrestrial Close-Range Photogrammetry, Remote Sens 123, doi: 10.3390/rs8020123
Citation from Book:
[Name] [Year] [Title: Italic], [Publisher], [Place of Publisher].
Hillier, F.S. and Lieberman, G.J. (1990) Introduction to Operations Research, McGraw Hill, New York.
Citation from a part of proceedings:
[Name] [Year] [Title], [Editors], [Name of Proceedings: Italic], [Publisher's information], [pages].
Yoshimoto, A., Paredes, V.G.L. and Brodie, J.D. (1988) Efficient optimization of an individual tree growth model, In: Kent, B.M., Davis, L.S. (eds), The 1988 Symposium on Systems Analysis in Forest Resources, USDA Forest Service. General Technical Report RM-161, pp. 154–162.
Citation from Web publication:
[Name] [Year] [Title: Italic], [Web Site] [Accessed date].
Pellegrino, J. (1999) Homepage, http://www.english.eku.edu/pellegrino/default.htm (Accessed 12 June 1999).
Tables
Tables: Tables should appear after the document. Each table should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are to appear in the document. No table is allowed without a reference in the document. When preparing a table file, do NOT use the graphic format for tables, which could result in lower quality after printing.
Figures
12) Figures: Figures should follow tables. Each figure should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are to appear in the document. No figure is allowed without a reference in the document.
Appendices
If Appendixes are provided, they must appear on a new page after the figures. Multiple appendixes are labeled with letters (Appendix A, Appendix B). A single appendix is labeled without letters (Appendix). Multiple appendixes must be numbered in the order in which they are to appear.